Construct elaboration and validity of the Pregnancy Depression Risk Scale.

OBJECTIVES: to elaborate and analyze the Pregnancy Depression Risk Scale psychometric properties. METHODS: methodological research, in six steps: theoretical model empirical definition; elaboration of scale items with literature review; consultation with five professional health experts and 15 pregnant women; content validity with six experts; pre-test-semantic validity with 24 pregnant women; scale factor structure definition with 350 pregnant women; pilot study with 100 pregnant women, totaling 489 pregnant women and 11 experts. Data were analyzed by content analysis, exploratory factor analysis, multitrait-multimethod analysis and internal consistency. RESULTS: sixty-eight risk factors were identified for item formulation. The final version of the scale consisted of 24 items in five domains. The scale demonstrated satisfactory construct content, semantic, validity and reliability. CONCLUSIONS: the scale proved to be valid in terms of content and semantics, with a factor structure defined according to the adopted theoretical model and satisfactory psychometric properties.

Fatores associados à toxoplasmose na gestação / Factores asociados a la toxoplasmosis durante la gestación / Factors associated with toxoplasmosis in pregnancy

Objetivos: estimar a soroprevalência e analisar fatores associados a Toxoplasmose na gestação. Método: investigação epidemiológica, analítica e transversal com mulheres no pré-natal em Ribeirão Preto-SP. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de exames sorológicos e questionário. Modelo de regressão logística foi utilizado, com a seleção das variáveis independentes realizada por meio dos testes Exato de Fisher, ou Qui-quadrado, e t de Student, calculadas razões de chances brutas e ajustadas, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: amostra foi composta de 165 mulheres, com soroprevalência total, 34,5% [27,3; 41,8], reagentes para IgG. A chance de ser reagente ao anticorpo antitoxoplasma IgG é 1,09 vezes maior para cada ano a mais de idade; 19,48 para aquelas com Ensino Fundamental I incompleto; 4,41 para o contato direto com a terra. Conclusão: saneamento básico e a rede de serviços de saúde no município estudado favorecem a prevenção da Toxoplasmose na gestação.

Objetivos: estimar la seroprevalencia y analizar factores asociados a Toxoplasmosis en la gestación. Método: investigación epidemiológica, analítica y transversal con mujeres en el prenatal en Ribeirão Preto-SP. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de exámenes serológicos y cuestionario. Modelo de regresión logística fue utilizado, con la selección de las variables independientes realizada por medio de las pruebas Exacto de Fisher, o Chi-cuadrado, y t de Student, calculadas razones de probabilidades brutas y ajustadas, con nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: muestra compuesta de 165 mujeres, con seroprevalencia total, 34,5% [27,3; 41,8], reactivos para IgG. La probabilidad de ser reactivo al anticuerpo antitoxoplasma IgG es 1,09 veces mayor para cada año a más de edad; 19,48 para aquellas con Enseñanza Fundamental I incompleto; 4,41 para el contacto directo con la tierra. Conclusión: saneamiento básico y la red de servicios de salud en el municipio estudiado favorecen la prevención de la Toxoplasmosis en la gestación.

Objectives: to estimate seroprevalence and analyze factors associated with Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Method: epidemiological, analytical and cross-sectional investigation with women in prenatal care in Ribeirão Preto-SP. Data were obtained through serological tests and questionnaire. Logistic regression model was used, with the selection of independent variables performed using the Fisher's exact test, or Chi-square test, and Student's t, calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios, with significance level of 5%. Results: sample was composed of 165 women, with total seroprevalence, 34.5% [27.3; 41.8], reagents for IgG. The chance of being reactant to the IgG antitoxoplasm antibody is 1.09 times higher for each year of age; 19.48 for those with incomplete Elementary School I; 4.41 for direct contact with the earth. Conclusion: basic sanitation and the network of health services in the municipality studied favor the prevention of Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy.

Construct elaboration and validity of the Pregnancy Depression Risk Scale / Elaboración y validación del constructo de la Escala de Riesgo de Depresión en el Embarazo / Elaboração e validação de construto da Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez

ABSTRACT Objectives: to elaborate and analyze the Pregnancy Depression Risk Scale psychometric properties. Methods: methodological research, in six steps: theoretical model empirical definition; elaboration of scale items with literature review; consultation with five professional health experts and 15 pregnant women; content validity with six experts; pre-test-semantic validity with 24 pregnant women; scale factor structure definition with 350 pregnant women; pilot study with 100 pregnant women, totaling 489 pregnant women and 11 experts. Data were analyzed by content analysis, exploratory factor analysis, multitrait-multimethod analysis and internal consistency. Results: sixty-eight risk factors were identified for item formulation. The final version of the scale consisted of 24 items in five domains. The scale demonstrated satisfactory construct content, semantic, validity and reliability. Conclusions: the scale proved to be valid in terms of content and semantics, with a factor structure defined according to the adopted theoretical model and satisfactory psychometric properties.

RESUMEN Objetivos: elaborar y analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Riesgo de Depresión en el Embarazo. Métodos: investigación metodológica, en seis etapas: definición empírica del modelo teórico; elaboración de ítems de escala con revisión de literatura; consulta con cinco profesionales de la salud y 15 mujeres embarazadas; validación de contenido con seis expertos; pre-prueba-validación semántica con 24 gestantes; definición de la estructura factorial de la escala con 350 gestantes; estudio piloto con 100 gestantes, totalizando 489 gestantes y 11 especialistas. Los datos fueron analizados por análisis de contenido, análisis factorial exploratorio, análisis multirrasgo-multimétodo y consistencia interna. Resultados: se identificaron 68 factores de riesgo para la formulación de los ítems. La versión final de la escala constaba de 24 ítems en cinco dominios. La escala demostró validez de contenido, semántica, de constructo y confiabilidad satisfactoria. Conclusiones: la escala se mostró válida en contenido y semántica, con estructura factorial definida según el modelo teórico adoptado y propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias.

RESUMO Objetivos: elaborar e analisar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez. Métodos: pesquisa metodológica, em seis etapas: definição empírica do modelo teórico; elaboração dos itens da escala com revisão da literatura; consulta a cinco especialistas profissionais de saúde e 15 gestantes; validação de conteúdo com seis especialistas; pré-teste-validação semântica com 24 gestantes; definição da estrutura fatorial da escala com 350 gestantes; estudo piloto com 100 gestantes, totalizando 489 gestantes e 11 especialistas. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo, análise fatorial exploratória, análise multitraço-multimétodo e consistência interna. Resultados: 68 fatores de risco foram identificados para formulação dos itens. A versão final da escala foi composta por 24 itens em cinco domínios. A escala demonstrou validade de conteúdo, semântica, de construto e fidedignidade satisfatória. Conclusões: a escala mostrou-se válida em conteúdo e semântica, com estrutura fatorial definida segundo modelo teórico adotado e propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias.

Validação de tecnologia educacional sobre tuberculose para adolescentes / Validación de tecnología educativa sobre tuberculosis para adolescentes / Validation of educational technology on tuberculosis for adolescents

Resumo Objetivo Validar tecnologia educacional para educação em saúde sobre tuberculose entre estudantes adolescentes. Métodos Estudo metodológico com 49 adolescentes entre 13 e 18 anos, de escolas públicas de Belém (PA), em três etapas: apreciação da tecnologia; análise dos atributos para medir o grau de representatividade e clareza e revisão segundo a compreensão dos adolescentes. Trata-se de um caça palavras, apresentado aos adolescentes, sendo solicitado que seguissem as orientações de leitura, localizassem as palavras em destaque e respondessem as perguntas utilizando os locais indicados. Foi aplicado questionário tipo Likert, para descrever a concordância entre os adolescentes em relação aos atributos: objetivo, organização, estilo da escrita, aparência e relevância da tecnologia, considerando Índice de Validade de Conteúdo com ponto de corte 0,90. O corpus textual foi processado no Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, 0.7 alpha 2. Utilizou-se recurso gráfico da nuvem de palavras. Os dados numéricos foram sumarizados pelo Statistic Package for Social Sciences, versão 22.0 Resultados Os atributos foram avaliados satisfatoriamente, com indicativo de concordância plena variando entre 72,8% no estilo da escrita e 84,7% na relevância da tecnologia. Os índices de validade de conteúdo obtidos foram superiores a 0,90, e os textos geraram três nuvens correspondentes à definição de tuberculose, à transmissibilidade da doença e à manifestação clínica. Conclusão O jogo caça palavras mostrou-se válido para utilização como ferramenta em ações educativas sobre tuberculose junto a adolescentes, podendo contribuir para o autocuidado e a multiplicação do conhecimento em sua rede social.

Resumen Objetivo Validar tecnología educativa para la educación en salud sobre tuberculosis entre estudiantes adolescentes. Métodos Estudio metodológico con 49 adolescentes entre 13 y 18 años, de escuelas públicas de Belém (Pará), en tres etapas: apreciación de la tecnología; análisis de los atributos para medir el grado de representatividad y de claridad y revisión según la comprensión de los adolescentes. Se trata de una sopa de letras, presentada a los adolescentes, se les solicita que sigan las orientaciones de lectura, localicen las palabras en destaque y respondan a las preguntas utilizando los lugares indicados. Se aplicó cuestionario según Escala Likert, para describir el nivel de acuerdo o de desacuerdo entre los adolescentes en relación con los atributos: objetivo, organización, estilo de escritura, apariencia y relevancia de la tecnología, considerando el Índice de Validez de Contenido con punto de corte 0,90. El corpus textual fue procesado en el Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, 0.7 alpha 2. Se utilizó el recurso gráfico de la nube de palabras. Se resumieron los datos numéricos por el Statistic Package for Social Sciences, versión 22.0 Resultados Los atributos fueron evaluados de forma satisfactoria, con indicación de nivel de acuerdo o desacuerdo pleno que varió entre 72,8 % en el estilo de la escritura y de 84,7 % en la relevancia de la tecnología. Los índices de validez de contenido obtenidos fueron superiores a 0,90 y los textos generaron tres nubes correspondientes a la definición de tuberculosis, a la transmisibilidad de la enfermedad y a la manifestación clínica. Conclusión El juego sopa de letras se mostró válido para uso como herramienta en acciones educativas sobre tuberculosis con adolescentes, que puede contribuir para el autocuidado y para la multiplicación del conocimiento en su red social.

Abstract Objective To validate an educational technology for health education on tuberculosis among adolescent students. Methods Methodological study of 49 adolescents from public schools in Belém (PA) aged between 13 and 18 years comprising three steps: technology assessment; analysis of attributes to measure the degree of representativeness and clarity; and review according to adolescents' understanding. A wordsearch was presented to adolescents, who were asked to follow the reading guidelines, locate the highlighted words and answer the questions using the indicated locations. A Likert-type questionnaire was applied to describe the agreement among adolescents in relation to the attributes: objective, organization, writing style, appearance and relevance of the technology, considering the Content Validity Index with a cutoff point of 0.90. The textual corpus was processed in the R Interface pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, 0.7 alpha 2. A word cloud graphic resource was used. Numerical data were summarized by the Statistic Package for the Social Sciences, version 22.0. Results The attributes were satisfactorily evaluated, with an indication of full agreement ranging between 72.8% in writing style and 84.7% in the relevance of technology. The content validity indices obtained were above 0.90, and the texts generated three clouds corresponding to the definition of tuberculosis, disease transmissibility and clinical manifestation. Conclusion The wordsearch proved to be valid for use with adolescents as a tool in educational actions on tuberculosis, and can contribute to self-care and multiplication of knowledge in their social network.

Risk Factors for Working in Confined Spaces: Contributions for Psychosocial Assessment / Fatores de Risco no Trabalho em Espaços Confinados: Contribuições para a Avaliação Psicossocial / Factores de Riesgo en el Trabajo en Espacios Confinados: Contribuciones para la Evaluación Psicosocial

Abstract The recommendation of standards for companies supports the safety of workers. This study aimed to describe the psychosocial risk factors perceived by personnel that work in confined spaces. Qualitative study, conducted via interviews with 50 employees. Data were processed using the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software, with a descending hierarchical classification. The psychosocial risk management model identified five risk dimensions and described the interface between the categories of work context and content: interpersonal relationships (29.58%), task planning (23.50%), role in the organization (17.83%), home-work interface (15.10%), and workload and work pace (13.97%). The risk factors identified from the workers'' perspective allow reviewing psychosocial assessment, management practices, and the advancement of scientific knowledge, essential to rethink current legislation and mental health care for professionals that work in confined spaces.

Resumo As normas regulamentadoras oferecem diretrizes às empresas para execução do trabalho, inclusive para a área de segurança. O objetivo foi descrever fatores de risco psicossocial percebidos por trabalhadores atuantes em espaços confinados. Estudo qualitativo, conduzido por meio de entrevistas com 50 trabalhadores. Os dados foram processados, segundo classificação hierárquica descendente, pelo software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. O modelo de gestão de riscos psicossociais, identificou cinco dimensões de risco distribuídas nas categorias de contexto e conteúdo do trabalho: relacionamento interpessoal (29,58%), planejamento de tarefas (23,50%), papel na organização (17,83%), interface casa-trabalho (15,10%) e carga e ritmo de trabalho (13,97%). Os fatores de risco identificados, na perspectiva dos trabalhadores, possibilitam a revisão de práticas de avaliação psicossocial, gestão e o avanço no conhecimento científico, importantes para subsidiar tomadas de decisão para o cuidado à saúde mental de profissionais atuantes em espaços confinados.

Resumen Las normas de reglamentación contienen lineamientos de ejecución de trabajo para las empresas, incluso para el área de seguridad. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los factores de riesgo psicosocial percibidos por los trabajadores que actúan en espacios confinados. Este estudio es cualitativo, en que se aplicaron entrevistas a 50 trabajadores. Los datos fueron procesados, según la clasificación jerárquica descendiente, por el programa Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. El modelo de gestión de riesgos psicosociales identificó cinco dimensiones de riesgo, distribuidas en las categorías de contexto y contenido del trabajo: relación interpersonal (29,58%); planificación de tareas (23,5%); papel en la organización (17,83%); interface casa-trabajo (15,1%); y carga y ritmo de trabajo (13,97%). Los factores de riesgo identificados por los trabajadores posibilitan la revisión de prácticas de evaluación psicosocial, gestión y avance en el conocimiento científico, importantes elementos para repensar la toma de decisión en la atención a la salud mental de profesionales que actúan en espacios confinados.

Scale for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection.

OBJECTIVES: to develop and validate a scale for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection. METHODS: a methodological study to develop the stages of item elaboration, apparent and content validation, semantic validation, pre-test, item allocation in domains, and reliability. RESULTS: 98 items were elaborated and submitted to apparent and content validation (version 2; n=05). In semantic validation, 90.9% of women considered all items clear and understandable (version 3; n=11). In pre-test, the best applicability was in the form of a self-administered questionnaire in relation to the interview (version 4; n=38). The Exploratory Factor Analysis allocated 58 items in 6 domains; (version 5; n=351). For reliability, the general Cronbach's alpha value was 0.883. CONCLUSIONS: the instrument proved to be valid and reliable for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection, consisting of 54 items allocated in 6 domains.

Indicadores epidemiológicos e distribuição espaço-temporal da tuberculose em municí­pio endêmico / Epidemiological indicators and space-time distribution of tuberculosis in an endemic municipality

Objetivo: descrever indicadores epidemiológicos da tuberculose e analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, realizado com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Variáveis: taxa de incidência; mortalidade; forma clínica; coinfecção tuberculose/HIV; cura e abandono. Para análise utilizou-se regressão linear simples. As taxas brutas de incidência foram suavizadas pelo Método Bayesiano Empírico Global e Local. Resultados: Foram estudados 5.529 casos e 319 óbitos. A forma pulmonar alcançou 96,2/100 mil habitantes, a coinfecção tuberculose/HIV 10,6/100 mil habitantes, o menor percentual de cura foi 69,0% e, o maior percentual de abandono, 10,9%. O Bayes Global indicou padrão irregular e heterogêneo da doença e, o Bayes local revelou maior concentração de casos em algumas regiões. Conclusão: A tuberculose se distribui de forma não aleatória e seu controle permanece um desafio.(AU)

Objective: To describe the epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis and to analyze space-time distribution. Methods: Ecological study, carried out with data from the Grievances Notification Information System. Variables: incidence rate; mortality; clinical form; tuberculosis/HIV co-infection; cure and abandonment. For analysis we used the simple linear regression, Gross incidence rates were softened by the Bayesian Empirical Global and Local Method. Results: A total of 5,529 cases and 319 deaths were studied. The pulmonary form reached 96.2/100 thousand inhabitants, the co-infection tuberculosis/HIV, 10.6/100 thousand inhabitants, the lowest percentage of cure was 69.0% and, the highest percentage of abandonment, 10.9%. Global Bayes indicated an irregular and heterogeneous pattern of the disease and the local Bayes revealed a higher concentration of cases in some regions. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is distributed non-randomly and its control remains a challenge.(AU)

Objetivo: describir los indicadores epidemiológicos de la tuberculosis y analizar distribución espacio-temporal. Métodos: Estudio ecológico, realizado con datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación. Variables: tasa de incidencia; mortalidad; forma clínica; coinfección por tuberculosis/VIH; curación y abandono. Para el análisis, se utilizó regresión lineal simple. Las tasas brutas de incidencia se suavizaron mediante el Método Bayesiano Empírico Local y Global. Resultados: se estudiaron 5.529 casos y 319 defunciones. La forma pulmonar alcanzó 96,2 / 100 mil habitantes, coinfección tuberculosis / VIH 10,6 / 100 mil habitantes, el menor porcentaje de curación fue 69,0% y el mayor porcentaje de abandono 10,9%. Bayes Global indicó un patrón irregular y heterogéneo de la enfermedad, y Bayes local reveló una mayor concentración de casos en algunas regiones. manera espacial, indican heterogeneidad en la Conclusión: La tuberculosis se distribuye de forma no aleatoria y su control sigue siendo un desafío.(AU)

Factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in professionals working in sitting position.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and analyze their associated factors in professionals from administrative sectors working predominantly in sitting position. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with data obtained from 451 workers from a federal public institution in Southern Brazil. The dependent variable was the number of musculoskeletal symptoms in the prior 12 months, measured using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. In the analyses, 19 independent variables were investigated, divided into four categories: sociodemographic, behavioral, occupational and health characteristics. Univariate analysis and multiple Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. The independent variables were inserted into blocks with stepwise backward criterion, considering the value for Wald statistics equal to 0.20. The effect measures were expressed in a relative increase (RI) in the mean value, and the data were analyzed for a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the prior 12 months was 90% (confidence interval - 95%CI 87-93). In the final model of regression analysis, the variables female gender (RI = 14.75%), low (RI = 100.02%) and moderate (RI = 64.06%) work ability index, use of medications (RI = 48.06%) and waist circumference at risk (RI = 15.59%) had a significant association with the increase in the mean number of symptoms; schooling with technical education acted as a protective factor, reducing the mean by 36.46%. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms found and the associated factors indicate the need to propose specific actions and care for this population, such as immediate treatment of symptoms and changes in the organization and work environment, to achieve balance and harmony in the demands of prolonged sitting work and avoid its impact effect of this condition on public health.

Aprender brincando: validação semântica de tecnologia educacional sobre tuberculose para crianças escolares / Aprender jugando: validación semántica de tecnología educativa sobre tuberculosis para niños estudiantes / Learning through play: semantic validation of educational technology on tuberculosis for school children

Resumo Objetivo validar semanticamente tecnologia educacional sobre tuberculose para crianças escolares. Método estudo metodológico, realizado com 51 escolares, entre 10 e 12 anos, de escola pública em Belém, Pará. Na coleta de dados, apresentou-se às crianças a tecnologia educacional, um caça-palavras, com definição, transmissão, sinais e sintomas da tuberculose e, após sua aplicação realizou-se entrevista individual, com perguntas abertas e fechadas, sobre atributos associados à impressão geral, ao conteúdo e forma. Para descrever a concordância das respostas à entrevista, foi utilizado o índice de validade de conteúdo, com ponto de corte igual a 0,80. Na descrição das variáveis numéricas, utilizou-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 22.0 e, para o corpus textual, empregou-se o software IRaMuTeQ 0.7, alpha 2. Resultados os índices de validade de conteúdo apresentaram resultados superiores a 90%. A descrição dos depoimentos gerou duas nuvens de palavras, referentes à compreensão sobre a doença e capacidade informativa da tecnologia. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a tecnologia foi considerada de fácil utilização, relevante e de conteúdo apropriado, portanto, válida para crianças compreenderem a doença, possibilitando atuarem como multiplicadores da informação para sua rede de convívio.

Resumen Objetivo validar semánticamente la tecnología educativa sobre tuberculosis para niños estudiantes. Método estudio metodológico, realizado con 51 estudiantes, entre 10 y 12 años, de una escuela pública de Belém, Pará. En la recolección de datos, se presentó a los niños la tecnología educativa, un buscador de palabras, con definición, transmisión, signos y síntomas de tuberculosis y, luego de su aplicación, se realizó una entrevista individual, con preguntas abiertas y cerradas, sobre atributos asociados a la impresión general, contenido y forma. Para describir la concordancia de las respuestas a la entrevista se utilizó el índice de validez de contenido, con un punto de corte igual a 0,80. En la descripción de las variables numéricas se utilizó el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 22.0 y, para el corpus textual, se utilizó el software IRaMuTeQ 0.7, alfa 2. Resultados los índices de validez de contenido presentaron resultados superiores al 90%. La descripción de los testimonios generó dos nubes de palabras, referidas a la comprensión de la enfermedad y la capacidad de información de la tecnología. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica la tecnología se consideró fácil de usar, relevante y con contenido adecuado, así que, válida para que los niños comprendan la enfermedad, posibilitándoles actuar como multiplicadores de información para su red social.

Abstract Objective to semantically validate tuberculosis educational technology for school children. Method a methodological study, conducted with 51 students aged 10 to 12 years old, from a public school in Belém, Pará. For data collection, the children were presented with the educational technology, a word search, with definition, transmission, signs and symptoms of tuberculosis and, after its application, an individual interview was carried out, with open and closed questions about attributes associated with the general impression, content and form. To describe the agreement of the answers to the interview, the content validity index was used, with a cutoff point equal to 0.80. To describe the numerical variables, we used the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, 22.0, and for the text corpus, we used the software IRaMuTeQ 0.7, alpha 2. Results the content validity indexes presented results higher than 90%. The description of the statements generated two word clouds, referring to the understanding about the disease and the informative capacity of the technology. Conclusion and implications for practice the technology was considered easy to use, relevant and with appropriate content, therefore, valid for children to understand the disease, enabling them to act as multipliers of information to their social network.

Development and validation of quality of life scale for people living with HIV / Elaboración y validación de la escala de calidad de vida de personas viviendo con SIDA / Elaboração e validação da escala de qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop and validate a scale to measure the quality of life of people living with HIV in Brazil. Method: methodological study conducted in a Brazilian care service specialized in sexually transmissible infections/AIDS between 2017 and 2019 addressing people living with HIV. The scale's development and validation included exploratory factor analysis to describe its factor structure and psychometric properties, Multitrait-Multimethod analysis to verify its validity and Cronbach's alpha for reliability. Floor and ceiling effects were described according to the responses' frequency distribution. Results: a total of 460 people living with HIV participated. Most were men 276 (60.0%) aged 43 on average (SD=±12.4). The Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed four factors with 39.9% of explained variance. The total scale presented satisfactory reliability with a Cronbach's alpha equal to 85.0%. Most items presented satisfactory convergent and divergent validity. The presence of floor and ceiling effects were found. The scale's final version was composed of 45 items. Conclusion: the Quali-HIV Scale is a valid and reliable tool to measure the quality of life of people living with HIV.

RESUMEN Objetivo: elaborar y validar una escala para medir la calidad de vida de personas viviendo con SIDA en Brasil. Método: investigación metodológica realizada en un servicio brasileño de atención especializada en infección sexualmente transmisible/SIDA, entre 2017 y 2019, y que contempló la participación de personas viviendo con SIDA. El proceso de elaboración y validación de la escala comprendió a descripción de la estructura factorial, por medio del análisis factorial exploratorio y propiedades psicométricas, según el análisis Multi-característica Multi-método para validez, y Alfa de Cronbach para confiabilidad. Efectos floor y ceiling fueron descritos según distribución de frecuencias de las respuestas. Resultados: participaron 460 personas que viven con SIDA. La mayoría de los participantes era del sexo masculino 276 (60,0%) y la media de edades fue 43 años (DE=±12,4). En el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio fueron extraídos cuatro factores con variancia explicada de 39,9%. La confiabilidad de la escala total fue satisfactoria con Alfa de Cronbach igual a 85,0%. La mayoría de los ítems presentó validez convergente y divergente satisfactoria. Se observó la presencia de los efectos floor y ceiling en las respuestas. La versión final de la escala estuvo compuesta por 45 ítems. Conclusión: la Escala Quali-SIDA puede ser considerada una herramienta válida y fidedigna para mensurar a calidad de vida de personas que viven con SIDA.

RESUMO Objetivo: elaborar e validar uma escala para mensurar a qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV no Brasil. Método: pesquisa metodológica realizada em um serviço brasileiro de atenção especializada em infecção sexualmente transmissível/Aids, entre 2017 e 2019, e que contemplou a participação de pessoas vivendo com HIV. O processo de elaboração e validação da escala compreendeu a descrição da estrutura fatorial, por meio da análise fatorial exploratória e propriedades psicométricas, segundo a análise Multitraço Multimétodo para validade, e Alfa de Cronbach para fidedignidade. Efeitos floor e ceiling foram descritos segundo distribuição de frequências das respostas. Resultados: participaram 460 pessoas que vivem com HIV. A maioria dos participantes é do sexo masculino 276 (60,0%) e a média de idade foi 43 anos (DP=±12,4). Na Análise Fatorial Exploratória foram extraídos quatro fatores com variância explicada de 39,9%. A fidedignidade da escala total foi satisfatória com Alfa de Cronbach igual a 85,0%. A maioria dos itens apresentou validades convergente e divergente satisfatórias. Observou-se a presença dos efeitos floor e ceiling nas respostas. A versão final da escala foi composta por 45 itens. Conclusão: a Escala Quali-HIV pode ser considerada uma ferramenta válida e fidedigna para mensurar a qualidade de vida de pessoas que vivem com HIV.

Scale for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection / Escala para evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres con infección por Papiloma virus Humano / Escala para avaliação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and validate a scale for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection. Methods: a methodological study to develop the stages of item elaboration, apparent and content validation, semantic validation, pre-test, item allocation in domains, and reliability. Results: 98 items were elaborated and submitted to apparent and content validation (version 2; n=05). In semantic validation, 90.9% of women considered all items clear and understandable (version 3; n=11). In pre-test, the best applicability was in the form of a self-administered questionnaire in relation to the interview (version 4; n=38). The Exploratory Factor Analysis allocated 58 items in 6 domains; (version 5; n=351). For reliability, the general Cronbach's alpha value was 0.883. Conclusions: the instrument proved to be valid and reliable for assessing the quality of life of women with Human Papillomavirus infection, consisting of 54 items allocated in 6 domains.

RESUMEN Objetivos: desarrollar y validar una escala para evaluar la calidad de vida de mujeres con infección por virus del papiloma humano. Métodos: estudio metodológico para el desarrollo de las etapas de elaboración de los ítems, validación aparente y de contenido, validación semántica, pre-test, asignación de ítems en dominios y confiabilidad. Resultados: se elaboraron 98 ítems, los cuales fueron sometidos a validación aparente y de contenido (versión 2; n=05). En la validación semántica, el 90,9% de las mujeres consideró los ítems claros y comprensibles (versión 3; n=11). En el pretest, la mejor aplicabilidad fue en forma de cuestionario autoadministrado en relación a la entrevista (versión 4; n=38). El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio asignó 58 ítems en 6 dominios; (versión 5; n=351). Para la confiabilidad, el valor alfa de Cronbach general fue 0,883. Conclusiones: el instrumento demostró ser válido y confiable para evaluar la calidad de vida de mujeres con infección por virus del papiloma humano, compuesto por 54 ítems distribuidos en 6 dominios

RESUMO Objetivos: elaborar e validar uma escala para avaliação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano Métodos: estudo metodológico para desenvolvimento das etapas de elaboração dos itens, validação aparente e de conteúdo, validação semântica, pré-teste, alocação dos itens em domínios e fidedignidade. Resultados: foram elaborados 98 itens, os quais foram submetidos à validação aparente e de conteúdo (versão 2; n=05). Na validação semântica, 90,9% das mulheres consideraram os itens claros e compreensíveis (versão 3; n=11). No pré-teste, a melhor aplicabilidade foi no formato de questionário autopreenchido em relação à entrevista (versão 4; n=38). A Análise Fatorial Exploratória alocou 58 itens em 6 domínios; (versão 5; n=351). Para a fidedignidade, o valor do alfa de Cronbach geral foi de 0,883. Conclusões: o instrumento mostrou-se válido e confiável para avaliação da qualidade de vida de mulheres com infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano, constituindo-se por 54 itens alocados em 6 domínios.

Cultural adaptation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire for use in Brazil / Adaptação cultural do Questionário de Alimentação Infantil para uso no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective A methodological study aimed at performing the cultural adaptation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire for its use in Brazil. Methods We collected data in a city in the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, between March and September 2018; seven judges assessed its language standardization, and 85 parents of preschool children performed the cultural adaptation. Results The judges' agreement level was above 80% for 54 of the 55 statements in the questionnaire. For the parents, the questionnaire is very good, they had no difficulties in using it; most of them understood the affirmative sentences and all parents considered the questionnaire important for the knowledge of child´s healthy eating. We estimated the internal consistency by considering the Kuder-Richardson coefficient for dichotomous variables, and the correlation of each item with the total score was also sought. The results showed values between 0.72 and 0.76, indicating a good consistency, which confirms the reliability of the Brazilian version of the questionnaire. Conclusions The Child Feeding Questionnaire was culturally adapted, aided by the parents. Future studies must be conducted in other Brazilian realities to allow the questionnaire to be widely used. It contributes to promoting the implementation of better practices in child feeding that favor healthy growth and development, as well as to encourage healthy habits in Brazilian families, and to reduce overweight and childhood obesity in the country.

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo metodológico objetivou realizar a adaptação cultural do Questionário de Alimentação Infantil para uso no Brasil. Methods Os dados foram coletados em município do nordeste paulista, entre março e setembro de 2018. Sete juízes avaliaram a padronização idiomática, e 85 pais de crianças em idade pré-escolar realizaram a adaptação cultural. Results Entre os juízes, obteve-se concordância acima de 80% para 54 das 55 afirmações do questionário. Para os pais, o questionário é muito bom; não há dificuldade em utilizá-lo; a maioria compreendeu as frases afirmativas; e todos o julgaram de grande importância para o conhecimento da alimentação saudável da criança. A consistência interna foi estimada considerando o coeficiente Kuder-Richardson para variáveis dicotômicas; buscou-se também a correlação de cada item com o total. Obtiveram-se valores entre 0,72 e 0,76, ou seja, boa consistência, o que confirma a fidedignidade da versão brasileira do questionário. Conclusions O Questionário de Alimentação Infantil foi adaptado culturalmente com pais. Estudos futuros devem ser conduzidos em outras realidades brasileiras para permitir a ampla utilização do questionário. Ele contribui para fomentar a implementação de melhores práticas na alimentação infantil que favoreçam crescimento e desenvolvimento saudáveis, assim como para estimular hábitos saudáveis nas famílias brasileiras e a redução dos quadros de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil no país.

Áreas prioritárias para controle do abandono do tratamento da tuberculose em Recife, Brasil / Priority areas for the control of tuberculosis treatment abandonment in Recife, Brazil

A tuberculose encontra-se entre as doenças infecciosas do mundo com alta morbimortalidade. Possui a descontinuidade do tratamento como desafio a ser enfrentado para reduzir os casos de resistência aos fármacos e mortalidade. O objetivo foi identificar áreas prioritárias para o controle dos casos de abandono do tratamento da tuberculose (TB) no município de Recife. Tratou-se de estudo ecológico, realizado com casos novos de TB diagnosticados em Recife e registrados no Sistema de Informação e Agravos de Notificação entre 2012 a 2014. A variável desfecho foi a média da proporção de abandono do tratamento da TB por setor censitário. Para composição desta variável foram geocodificados todos os endereços dos casos novos de tuberculose e os de abandono do tratamento no triênio investigado. Para avaliação da autocorrelação espacial foi utilizado o Índice Global de Moran. Foram registrados e geocodificados 641 casos de abandono. O valor do Índice Global de Moran foi 0,0313816 (p=0,03) e, por meio do Moran Map, foram identificados 153 setores com significância estatística espacial, destes 43 com alta prioridade para intervenção em saúde distribuídos em 21 bairros. Identificou-se áreas prioritárias para o monitoramento da adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose. O uso dos setores censitários permite a realização de intervenções em saúde para melhor qualidade da assistência aos doentes e redução dos desfechos desfavoráveis com racionalidade dos recursos públicos por ser o menor nível de desagregado territorial disponível, dinâmica populacional e socioeconômica semelhante entre os residentes.

Tuberculosis is among the world's high morbidity and mortality infectious diseases. The discontinuity of treatment is a challenge to be faced in order to reduce cases of drug resistance and mortality. The objective of this study was to identify priority areas for the control of cases of tuberculosis (TB) treatment abandonment in the city of Recife. This was an ecological study, carried out with new cases of TB diagnosed in Recife and registered in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases between 2012 and 2014. The outcome variable was the average proportion of the abandonment of TB treatment by census sector. To compose this variable, all addresses of new cases of tuberculosis and those of treatment abandonment in the investigated three-year period were geocoded. Moran's Global Index was used to assess spatial autocorrelation. 641 abandonment cases were recorded and geocoded. The value of the Global Moran Index was 0.0313816 (p=0.03) and, through the Moran Map, 153 sectors with spatial statistical significance were identified, of these 43 were high priority for health interventions distributed in 21 neighborhoods. Priority areas were identified for monitoring adherence to tuberculosis treatment. Due to the lower level of available territorial sectors, similar populations, and socioeconomic dynamics among residents, the use of the census sectors allows health interventions to be carried out to improve the quality of care for patients and to reduce the unfavorable outcomes while considering public resources.

Brazilian transgender children and adolescents: Attributes associated with quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: to describe attributes associated with the Quality of Life of Brazilian transgender children and adolescents according to their own perception. METHOD: descriptive study conducted with 32 participants between eight and 18 years old, who were either interviewed or participated in focus groups. The statements were transcribed, grouped with the aid of the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software, version 0.7 alpha 2 and described according to the definition of Quality of Life by the World Health Organization concerning to the mental, physical, and social dimensions. RESULTS: it was possible to identify the family nucleus as the main social support for transgender children and adolescents. However, the experience of prejudice and discrimination were negative attributes associated with Quality of Life. CONCLUSION: the statements indicate that lives of transgender children and adolescents are impacted by social, physical, and mental factors due to the stigma and discrimination experienced. It is expected to contribute to the formulation of public policies related to transgender children and adolescents and expand the discussion on the citizens' duties and rights in relation to transsexuality.

Tuberculosis associated with the living conditions in an endemic municipality in the North of Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the association between the occurrence of new tuberculosis cases and the Adapted Living Condition Index, and to describe the spatial distribution in an endemic municipality. METHOD: this is an analytical and ecological study that was developed from new cases in residents of an endemic municipality in the North Region of Brazil. The data were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System and from the 2010 Demographic Census. The Adapted Living Conditions Index was obtained by factor analysis and its association with the occurrence of the disease was analyzed by means of the chi-square test. The type I error was set at 0.05. Kernel estimation was used to describe the density of tuberculosis in each census sector. RESULTS: the incidence coefficient was 97.5/100,000 inhabitants. The data showed a statistically significant association between the number of cases and socioeconomic class, with the fact that belonging to the highest economic class reduces the chance of the disease occurring. The thematic maps showed that tuberculosis was distributed in a heterogeneous way with a concentration in the Southern region of the municipality. CONCLUSION: tuberculosis, associated with precarious living conditions, reinforces the importance of discussion on social determinants in the health-disease process to subsidize equitable health actions in risk areas, upon a context of vulnerability.

Family relationships in the social network for young male homosexuals.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the family relationships in the social network for young male homosexuals. METHODS: this is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study anchored in the theoretical framework Social Network and including 20 male homosexuals selected by the Snowball technique through semi-structured script interview. The IRaMuTeQ software was analyzed by Similitude Analysis. RESULTS: the primary social network was configured in the elements: 1 - Family affective ties: the center of the social network, 2 - Binding family relationship and religiosity. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it was evaluated that the primary social network has been rooted to fragile relationships of socialization and solidarity, and that the social dimension is also rooted on conservatism, sexism/bigotry, and violence. When it comes to address this issue creates the contribution to the visibility of the homosexual youth family dynamics, since it represents the central core and first learning experience that will determine the development and ability to deal with adversities.

Vulnerability in the health of young transgender women living with HIV/AIDS.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the health vulnerability of young female transgender living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study, based on the theoretical reference of Social Representation and concept of vulnerability; developed with six transgender women in a reference Hospital for HIV/AIDS. We analyzed the individual interviews, recorded, and transcribed in full, in the IRaMuTeQ software by Similitude Analysis. RESULTS: the thematic categories are listed based on the Ayres reference: 1) Individual dimension of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS; 2) Social dimension of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS; 3) Programmatic dimension of the vulnerability. Final Considerations: the young female transsexual living with HIV/AIDS experience a context of vulnerability in health associated with a lack of knowledge and difficulties for the realization of self-care. The study evidenced the representations of social abjection and unpreparedness of the health team that compose the Primary Attention in Health in promoting qualified assistance for the execution of the effective and humanized care.

DISABKIDS® in Brazil: advances and future perspectives for the production of scientific knowledge.

OBJECTIVE: to map the Brazilian scientific production related to the stages of the methodological process for the use of DISABKIDS® instruments and/or forms adapted to Brazil. METHOD: scoping review, with searches conducted on10 electronic databases, plus Google Scholar and contacts with researchers, without restriction of period or language. RESULTS: the mapping identified 90 scientific studies involving 46 instruments. Of these, 11 (23.9%) included the elaboration and/or cultural adaptation of the DISABKIDS® instruments to measure the Quality of Life of children or adolescents with chronic conditions and 35 (76.1%) used the Generic Measures and/or Specific Modules for the semantic validation of other instruments. CONCLUSION: this scoping review allowed a comprehensive evaluation of the use of the DISABKIDS® instrument and forms, in relation to the validation of the instrument adapted to Brazil, presenting a positive advance in the scenario with the development of academic/scientific projects in the country, incorporating the method recommended by the literature for the elaboration, cultural adaptation and validation of instruments and for the systematized and standardized recording of the perception and understanding of the target population about the measure of interest, using DISABKIDS® forms adapted for this purpose.

Social representations of transsexual women living with HIV/AIDS.

OBJECTIVES: identify the social representations of transsexual women living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: this is a qualitative descriptive exploratory study, based on the theory of social representations, conducted with six HIV/AIDS seropositive transsexual women from a hospital for patients with HIV/AIDS. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted and later transcribed and analyzed with the help of Iramuteq (version 0.7) to produce a dendrogram of the descending hierarchical classification. RESULTS: data were grouped into three classes: social thought and health/disease process; subjectivity and identity coping; and social determination and the context of vulnerability. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the elements of social representations were identified, based on commonsense knowledge, resulting from the way of thinking and acting and associated with the syndrome and social actors and sectors of the daily life of transsexual women. This study highlights the relevance of representational processes for humanized health care.